What are you going to be for Halloween ?
Charlemagne was the greatest Medieval king he created an organized empire – The Holy Roman Empire (First Reich)
He spread Christianity
He created schools to train future priests
He valued learning & built schools in his empire
He expanded the Frankish Empire
After Charlemagne’s death in 814, his Frankish Empire was divided & lost power…
He was the last opportunity to provide unity in medieval Europe
From 800 to 1000, a 2nd major wave of invasions struck Europe led by Vikings, Muslims & Magyars
These invasions caused widespread fear & suffering
Kings could not defend against invasion
After Charlemagne’s death in 814, his Frankish Empire was divided and lost power, marking the end of ____________ in medieval Europe.
What was one of Charlemagne's significant achievements as a medieval king?
A) Establishing the Silk Road
B) Building the Great Wall of China
C) Creating the Holy Roman Empire (First Reich)
D) Discovering America
Feudalism began in Europe as a way to offer protection
Feudalism is based on land & loyalty
Land-owning lords offer land (called a fief) to knights in exchange for their loyalty & promise to protect the lord’s land
Feudalism came to England with the Norman Invasion in 1066
Kings had land but very little power
Lords (also called Nobles) were the upper-class landowners; they had inherited titles (“Duke,” “Earl,” “Sir”)
Knights were specially trained soldiers who protected the lords & peasants – vassals took an oath of fealty (loyalty)
Some peasants were serfs & could not leave the lord’s estate
During the Middle Ages, the manorial system was the way in which people survived:
The lord’s land was called a manor
The lord provided peasants with housing, farmland, & protection
In exchange, peasants repaid the lord by working his land & providing a portion of the food they produced
Manors were self-sufficient communities; Everything that was needed was produced on the manor
Peasant life was hard: They paid taxes to use the lord’s mill, had to get permission to get married, & life expectancy was about 35 years old