Chapter 8 Setion 1 Guided Reading

Name ______________________ Class ____________________ Date __________________ 13. In 1819, the United States had _________________-____________ states. 14. Eleven were _____________ _________________, states that did not allow slavery; eleven were ______________ ________________, states that did permit slavery. 15. The 1820 ___________________ _______________________ established the 36 ° 30’ N parallel as the line dividing the slave and the free states. 16. The balance was threatened when ________________________ applied to become the thirty-first state in 1849. 17. Senator _______________ ______ __________________ of South Carolina spoke out for states’ rights and demanded that the balance between slave states and free states be maintained. 18. He threatened that the southern states would _______________ (break away) from the Union if the balance was not maintained. 19. Even though opposed to slavery, both _______________ ______________ of Kentucky and ________________ ______________________ of Massachusetts proposed the Compromise of 1850 to save the Union. 20. After eight months of heated debate, the ____________________ ____ __________ tried to resolve many of the issues. 21. Also included in the compromise was a new and stronger _________________ _________________ ____________, which required all citizens to help recover fugitive slaves. 22. The _________________________ (those against slavery) became even more active with the ________________________________ ____________________, which was a secret network of safe places for slaves to hide as they escaped to the North or Canada. 23. Tempers flared again when the ________________-_______________________ ________ of 1854 was passed. 24. The act formed Kansas and Nebraska Territories and provided _______________________ ________________________, which allowed those living in those two territories to decide for themselves if they wanted slavery. 25. Violence between proslavery and antislavery groups broke out in Kansas, and that territory came to be called “_________________ ___________________.” Oklahoma: Land of Opportunity Chapter 8 - 1 Page 2 of 4

Name ______________________ Class ____________________ Date __________________ 26. More fuel was added to the slavery debate by the 1857 U.S. Supreme Court ruling in the _____________ ______________ case. 27. The court ruled that slaves were “beings of an ___________________ order (with) no rights which white men were bound to ____________________.” 28. The ___________________________ election of 1860 brought the tensions to a head. 29. The ___________________________ Party split over the issue of slavery. 30. The Northern Democrats supported __________________ ___ ___________________ of Illinois, and the Southern Democrats nominated _____________ _______ _________________________ of Kentucky. 31. The North-dominated __________________________ Party nominated ______________________ _____________________ of Illinois on a platform that _____________________ slavery and supported free western ___________________, protective ___________________, and a ____________________________________ railroad. 32. John Bell of Tennessee was nominated by the newly formed _________________________ ____________________ ________________, which primarily stood for maintaining the Union and the Constitution. 33. Lincoln had no support in the ______________. 34. In fact, he wasn’t even on the __________________ in a number of southern states. 35. Almost immediately, southern states began carrying out their ________________ to __________________. 36. _________________ ______________________ withdrew from the ________________ on December 20, 1860. 37. Within six weeks, _______________________, __________________, ____________________, ___________________, ________________________, and ___________________ had followed. 38. In February 1861, these seven states formed a new government called the ________________________ ________________ _____ __________________. 39. _______________________ ___________________ of Mississippi was chosen as its president. Oklahoma: Land of Opportunity Chapter 8 - 1 Page 3 of 4

Name ______________________ Class ____________________ Date __________________ 40. War broke out between the North and South in April ________ at ____________ ___________________ near Charleston, South Carolina. 41. Both sides were confident of a ______________ _______________________. Oklahoma: Land of Opportunity Chapter 8 - 1 Page 4 of 4