The Great Schism of 1054 resulted in a split between which two branches of Christianity?

A) Protestantism and Roman Catholicism

B) Eastern Orthodox and Roman Catholic

C) Anglican and Eastern Orthodox

D) Coptic Orthodox and Roman Catholic

What happened to Rome after the fall of the Roman Empire?

  • In the West, Europe grew weak & fell into the Middle Ages from 500 to 1300

  • When barbarian kingdoms conquered Rome, Europe was plagued by constant warfare 

  • Warfare disrupted trade,  destroyed Europe’s cities, & forced people to rural areas 

  • Learning declined; Few people could read or write 

  • Greco-Roman culture was forgotten 

  • Europe lost a common language; Latin mixed with local languages to form Spanish, French, Italian 

  • Without the unity of the Roman Empire, Europe became divided into a series of Germanic kingdoms

  • Germanic people lived in small communities  led by chiefs & his loyal warriors 

  • Family ties  & loyalty were more important  than citizenship

What happened when barbarian kingdoms conquered Rome?

A) Europe entered a period of rapid technological advancement

B) Europe was plagued by constant warfare

C) Europe established a common language

D) Europe experienced a cultural renaissance

What was one consequence of the constant warfare in Europe?

A) It led to the creation of large, powerful cities

B) It disrupted trade and destroyed Europe’s cities

C) It promoted the spread of Greco-Roman culture

D) It improved literacy rates across the continent

How did warfare affect the population of Europe during the Middle Ages?

A) It increased urbanization and city growth

B) It forced people to move to rural areas

C) It caused a significant decline in agricultural production

D) It led to the rapid development of new technologies

During the early Middle Ages, the Germanic kingdoms were slowly converting to Christianity

The Catholic Pope became involved in secular (non-religious) issues like road repair, aiding the poor, & helping Christian kings expand their power

  • The Franks were the largest & most powerful of the Germanic kingdoms in the early Middle Ages

  • Frankish kings allied with the Catholic Church & expanded their power

  • In 771, Charlemagne (“Charles the Great”) became king of the Franks

The Franks were the largest and most powerful of the ____________ kingdoms in the early Middle Ages.

Frankish kings allied with the ____________ and expanded their power.

In 771, ____________ became king of the Franks, known as “Charles the Great”.