Which famous structure was built during the Pax Romana?

  • A. The Parthenon

  • B. The Colosseum

  • C. The Great Wall of China

  • D. The Eiffel Tower

Who was the first emperor of the Roman Empire?

  • A. Julius Caesar

  • B. Augustus

  • C. Nero

  • D. Tiberius

Roman Achievements

  • The Romans developed innovations that are still used today because:

    • Rome’s location along the Mediterranean Sea allowed for trade & cultural diffusion with other cultures 

    • Through cultural diffusion, the Romans borrow ideas other civilizations like the Greeks and improved upon these ideas

        

    • The wealth of the Roman Empire, especially in the Pax Romana, allowed the Romans to promote culture & invention

The wealth of the Roman Empire, especially in the Pax Romana, allowed the Romans to promote culture & invention

  • Arches – curved structures over an opening that can support its own weight – were used by the Romans to create enormous building like the Colosseum and the Pantheon

  • Domes created open spaces in buildings

 The Romans built arenas so thousands of people could attend “circuses” (entertainment events).

Compare the images of the Roman colosseum and the Pantheon to the cowboys stadium. Write about some similarities you see.

  • The Romans built the largest and longest-lasting network of roads in the ancient world. 

  • At the height of the empire, Roman roads stretched for 250,000 miles and included 29 major highways.

  • At first the roads were built to move soldiers quickly, but eventually the routes served many people and purposes, including trade.

The system of Roman roads in the time of Hadrian 

(AD 117-138)

  • One of the Roman’s greatest and most practical engineering feats was the channeling of water to their towns and cities

  • Roman engineers built the aqueducts to  move the cold, clear water from springs over 250 miles into towns.

  • Some of the aqueducts are still standing and in use. One in Spain is a two-tiered aqueduct that is 95 feet above the ground and is 2,388 feet long!

  • The Romans began using a new solar calendar that was borrowed heavily from the Egyptian calendar and had been improved  by the scholars of Alexandria.

  • This new calendar (called the “Julian calendar” after Julius Caesar) had 365 days and 1 extra day every fourth year.

  • July was named after Julius Caesar because it included his birthday.

Two months are named after famous Romans. Select the two that are correct

  • Rome’s 1st emperor, Augustus, created several systems to help himself rule in enormous empire better.

  • Augustus set up a civil service, with salaried, experienced workers to take care of the empire.

  • These bureaucrats helped oversee the empire by keeping track of grain, the roads, the postal service and all other things needed to run an empire.

What was the primary source of the new solar calendar introduced by the Romans?

A) The Greek calendar

B) The Babylonian calendar

C) The Egyptian calendar

D) The Mayan calendar

Why was the establishment of a civil service important for Augustus' rule over the Roman Empire?

A) It allowed him to increase military power.

B) It helped in efficiently managing and administrating the vast empire.

C) It facilitated the conquest of new territories.

D) It improved artistic and architectural achievements.